A Two-Pronged Strategy

Is it possible to transform public opinion from its current state of mistrust, frustration and lack of confidence in our institutions – a mood of being turned off and disengaged – to one of being turned on and fully engaged? If so, what would it take? How long would it take? What are the most promising strategies? And what is the likelihood of success or failure?

Based on extensive research, I am convinced that Americans yearn to have the public voice exert more influence than it does currently. A critical mass of Americans deeply desires to be invited to engage more actively in shaping the public policies that bear on their lives.

Despite this hopeful sign, however, it would be a mistake to assume that the transformation can be quick or easy. It will take a great deal of intelligent effort and leadership to transform the public mood from one that is disengaged to one that is fully engaged – from mistrust to trust, from sounding off and venting frustration to thoughtful deliberation and willingness to compromise.

It will take a great deal of intelligent effort and leadership to transform the public mood from one that is disengaged to one that is fully engaged.

I can only hazard a guess, but my best guess is that the transformation can’t be achieved in less than one or two decades. Public trust and confidence didn’t dissipate overnight, and it can’t be rebuilt overnight.

It takes time to find, elect and support leaders who trust the public enough to grant average Americans a voice in shaping fateful decisions.

It takes time for the leadership of our great institutions of business, media, law, medicine and education to adopt an outlook that assigns as much importance to the larger community they serve as their own parochial interests.

It takes time for the public to develop a better grasp of workable solutions to the wicked problems of our day.

But we can’t afford another 10 years of unwinding. If we were to drift downward until the mid-2020s, it might be impossible to reverse direction.

The most workable solution is, I believe, a two-prong strategy – one short term, the other long term. The short-term strategy would consist of a series of conventional political stopgap measures for the next decade to buy time and to ameliorate the plight of the bottom two thirds of the income distribution. The long-term strategy would involve the development of a new pragmatic public philosophy to assist thoughtful Americans in deliberating on our future.

I will explore this two-prong strategy in more depth in subsequent blogs.


Rebooting Democracy is a blog authored by Public Agenda co-founder Dan Yankelovich. While the views that Dan shares in his blog should not be interpreted as representing official Public Agenda positions, the purpose behind the blog and the spirit in which it is presented resonate powerfully with our values and the work that we do. To receive Rebooting Democracy in your inbox, subscribe here.

Gratitude Challenge, Day 3: Somerville Local First

I’ve been called to the gratitude challenge, but rather than follow the rules I’ll be posting each day about an organization whose work I am grateful for.

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I am grateful for the work of Somerville Local First. You can support their work here or purchase tickets to their upcoming fundraiser if you feel so moved.

Somerville Local First is my chapter of the local movement. They provide technical assistance to help locally-owned, independent businesses, they build awareness of the local movement, and they serve as a gathering place for all things Somerville-local.

I have served on the board for about three years.

So why is the “local” movement important?

For me, the local movement is based on a simple premise: our communities are better when our businesses are part of the community.

To be fair, I do my share of corporate shopping. Sometimes, there’s not a locally-sourced alternative. Sometimes…well, sometimes that’s just how it goes.

But it kind of creeps me out that when I go to a Target in Somerville, MA its exactly the same as the Target in Oakland, CA. And it kind of creeps me out that they’ve expanded their grocery section so what used to be a dangerous sinkhole is now a total black hole – or am I the only one who goes in looking for one specific thing and comes out with a dozen things, which maybe I need but which really I don’t need.

And the whole time I’m there I don’t really have a human interaction. I just fall into a soporific daze where suddenly I really need an awkward-print blouse and a dorm-room organizer.

I mean. Not there’s nothing wrong with that. But there’s gotta be more to life.

I prefer shopping local because I get to know the business owners and they get to know me. Because local shopping is a whole different experience – a happy slice of the ’50s without everything wrong with the ’50s.

Because local business owners are weird and they express the weird character of the community.

I could give you all sorts of figures about how shopping local is better for the environment, how shopping local creates more local jobs and puts more money into the local economy.

These are important, but that’s not what moves me.

What moves me about the local movement is that – when I look out on the landscape of businesses and companies I interact with, I know that some will be cold and distant, some will be carefully crafted brands with complex shelf-placement strategies designed to target core consumers.

But some businesses will just be people with an idea. People who think they have something to contribute. Who want to be part of the community and who try to make the community better through their work.

And with all the money, planning and resources those big businesses leverage to get my consumer dollars…it takes a thoughtful effort as a person to remember to shop local. To support the kinds of businesses I want in my community.

To support the kind of community I want in my life.

Please consider supporting this work or joining us at our HarvestFest, our fun, local beer festival!

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the history of civics and news literacy education

I’m in Chicago for Poynter’s News Literacy Summit, entitled “Because News Matters.” Participants promote (to varying degrees) such outcomes as: following and understanding the news, taking informed action as citizens, understanding how the media work, critically interpreting news, understanding society and politics, valuing high-quality news, understanding media effects on individual behaviors and attitudes, being well informed about current events, civilly discussing controversial issues, valuing First Amendment freedoms, making news media, and making other forms of media.

Each of these objectives has been pursued for a long time. John Dewey, for example, was a great proponent of news media literacy. To get a rough sense of what has been taught over time, consider this graph of the percentage of American students who’ve had various courses on their transcripts:

Screen Shot 2014-09-15 at 10.58.02 AM

This is a complex picture, without simple trends. I would, however, emphasize a few observations:

1) A course that truly focused on using the news media was “problems of democracy,” which typically involved having to read the daily newspaper in order to prepare for pop quizzes on current events and classroom discussions. That course had its heyday in the 1940s and is now largely gone.

2) Courses that look like college-level social science are much more common today than they were in the past.

3) American Government is a hardy perennial course. But it has to cover a wide range of material, including the history and structure of the US government. Following current events is often an afterthought, not aligned with standardized tests.

Sources: Up to 1994, Richard G. Niemi and Julia Smith, “Enrollments in High School Government Classes: Are We Short-Changing Both Citizenship and Political Science Training?” PS: Political Science and Politics, Vol. 34, No. 2 (Jun., 2001), pp. 281-287. After that, the National High School Transcript Study; CIRCLE’s 2012 survey.

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On David Mathews… a featured speaker at NCDD 2014

We are thrilled to have David Mathews, President and CEO of the Kettering Foundation, joining us at the National Conference on Dialogue & Deliberation next month. David is our featured plenary speaker on the first day of the conference, Friday, October 17th. (See the full conference schedule here.)

Mathews-David-12-2009-248x300Many people in our field know David, and are familiar with his work at the Kettering Foundation. Under David’s leadership, Kettering plays a vital role in our field by advancing and funding leading edge democracy research. Because one of the key ways they conduct research is through in-person “learning exchanges,” Kettering also provides an important convening role in our field.

But I suspect fewer people are familiar with David’s work pre-Kettering, which is quite extraordinary.

Most prominently, David served as Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) during the Ford administration. We now know HEW as the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

As HEW secretary, David was the youngest member of the cabinet and head of the agency with the largest budget. While there, he worked on restoring public confidence in government and reforming the regulatory system. At his swearing in, Gerald Ford said, “Mathews brings to this new mission the strength of youth, a sense of purpose, the skills of a scholar, and the trusted record of a successful leader and administrator. That is an impressive inventory by any standard.”

ford_mathews

Born and raised in Grove Hill, Alabama, David studied history and classical Greek at the University of Alabama and earned a PhD in history from Columbia University. David returned to the University of Alabama to serve as president from 1969-1975 and then again from 1977–1980 after serving as HEW Secretary. This was an era of significant change and innovation, including the integration of the institution. At age 33, Mathews was the youngest president of a major university.

As mentioned above, David currently serves as President and CEO of the Kettering Foundation, a not-for-profit research foundation rooted in the American tradition of cooperative research. Kettering’s primary research question is “What does it take to make democracy work as it should?” Charles F. Kettering, best known for inventing the automobile self-starter, created the foundation in 1927.

Over the years, the foundation expanded its focus to look beyond scientific solutions, recognizing that problems like world hunger are not technical problems, but rather political problems. In the 1970s, the foundation began to concentrate on democratic politics, particularly the role of citizens. Mathews was elected to the Kettering Foundation board of trustees in 1972, and in 1981, he became its president and CEO.

Ecology-coverDavid Mathews has written extensively on such subjects as education, political theory, southern history, public policy, and international problem solving. His books include Why Public Schools? Whose Public Schools? (NewSouth Books, 2003); For Communities to Work (Kettering Foundation, 2002); Politics for People: Finding a Responsible Public Voice (University of Illinois Press, 1999); Is There a Public for Public Schools? (1996); and Reclaiming Public Education by Reclaiming Our Democracy (Kettering Foundation Press, 2006).

His most recent book, The Ecology of Democracy: Finding Ways to Have a Stronger Hand in Shaping Our Future (Kettering Foundation Press, 2014), focuses on how the work of democracy might be done to put more control in the hands of citizens and help restore the legitimacy of our institutions. As you may recall, Kettering generously extended the offer of a free copy of The Ecology of Democracy in April to any NCDD member who was interested in receiving a copy — and I know many of you have been enjoying the book!

This will be David’s first NCDD conference, and we are thrilled he will be joining us. David thinks highly of the NCDD network, so let’s be sure to give him a warm welcome!

Updates from the Deliberative Democracy Consortium

DDC logoWe recently received a newsletter from NCDD supporting member Matt Leighninger of the Deliberative Democracy Consortium (DDC), and we wanted to share it with you. The DDC has been working on some important and exciting projects, and they have 3 big announcements.

First, the DDC has released a significant new white paper:

Infogagement: Citizenship and Democracy in the Age of Connection is the latest white paper from PACE (Philanthropy for Active Civic Engagement). Written by the DDC’s Matt Leighninger, the report – downloadable here - describes the innovative collision of journalism, technology, and public engagement. It is based on interviews with PACE members and many other leading thinkers, and presents the main arguments in the form of six sections, a series of charts, and a two-act play. Leighninger, Paula Ellis, and Chris Gates will discuss the report in a PACE webinar next Tuesday, September 16th – register at www.pacefunders.org/events.html.

Second, the DDC is part of hosting a new round of the wonderful Text, Talk, Act initiative, which is jointly supported by NCDD:

Monday, October 6th, will be the next big day for “Text, Talk, and Act” – a nationwide, text-enabled, face-to-face on mental health. Thousands of people have taken part in “Text, Talk, and Act,” which is a Creating Community Solutions event in the National Dialogue on Mental Health. Participating is easy: just get together with 4-5 other people on the 6th and text “START” to 89800. For more information, see www.bit.ly/texttalkact.

Lastly, Matt is releasing a great new textbook soon that is sure to be a key work for those teaching about our field’s work:

Coming soon: Matt Leighninger and Tina Nabatchi (Maxwell School, Syracuse University) are hard at work on a textbook on Public Participation in 21st Century Democracy, to be released in early 2015 by Wiley/Jossey-Bass.

We encourage you to learn more about the Deliberative Democracy Consortium and their work at www.deliberative-democracy.net.

Gratitude Challenge, Day 2: The Welcome Project

I’ve been called to the gratitude challenge, but rather than follow the rules I’ll be posting each day about an organization whose work I am grateful for.

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I am grateful for the work of The Welcome Project. You can support their work here if you feel so moved.

I serve on the board of this organization which builds the collective power of Somerville immigrants to participate in and shape community decisions.

Someone asked me today why I care about this work, and I found myself rattling off a very practical list of programs.

The Welcome Project offers ESOL classes for adults. They train bilingual high school students as interpreters. They organize a summer “culture camp” which brings together youth from immigrant families to explore their cultural backgrounds.

And all that is just great.

But a list of programs doesn’t capture why I’m grateful for this work.

Much of the work of The Welcome Project has a very practical, skill-building component. Language classes. Interpreter training. These are useful, good things.

But at its heart, the work of The Welcome Project is all about advocacy.

Interpreters increase access at public meetings. Advanced levels of language classes include a social justice component, engaging students in local issues and helping them develop the vocabulary to talk about those issues.

So, yes, on one level, The Welcome Project works to help acclimate immigrants to Somerville, but really, The Welcome Project works to acclimate Somerville to immigrants.

That is to say – everyone living within our community is part of our community.

But that state doesn’t come about on its own. Power structures favor some people over others. Power structures which are deep, long standing, and influenced by a much broader social context.

The only way to change these power structures, to build institutions which are capable of flexibly responding to a shifting citizenry, is to ensure that everyone has a seat at the table.

That everyone’s voice is heard.

That everyone’s voice is understood.

I am grateful for The Welcome Project because they work to ensure that all my neighbors’ voices are heard. That everyone is in a position to speak their mind, influence policy, and engage in the shared work of making our communities better.

I am grateful for The Welcome Project because we can’t have a Good Society without having just society, and we can’t have a just society without everyone passionately involved.

Please consider supporting this work.

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Dr. Tim Eatman at Frontiers

To end the week, here is a video from Frontiers of Democracy 2014. It shows Dr. Tim Eatman, Co-director of Imagining America at Syracuse University, talking about “The Center of the Civic.” And not only talking–Tim has the courage to sing a cappella near the end. This is also a quiet tribute to Nancy Cantor, I believe.

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Opening at Univ. of Utah’s Environmental Dispute Resolution Program

We are pleased to share with our NCDD community that our friends at the Environmental Dispute Resolution Program at the University of Utah’s S.J. Quinney College of Law have an opening for a new Associate Director that they recently posted here. The EDR program is an NCDD organizational member, and we know that plenty of folks from our network would be a great fit for the position.

The general description of the position is below, but you can find the full description and more info about the position at https://utah.peopleadmin.com/postings/35519.

Please make sure to share the announcement with folks you know who may be a good fit, and best of luck to all of the applicants!

Job Summary – Associate Director
The Environmental Dispute Resolution Program (EDRP) Associate Director will be responsible for working with the EDRP Director to support existing and develop new program activities. The EDR Program was established in 2012 as part of the Wallace Stegner Center at the University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law. EDRP promotes collaboration, mediation, and other dispute resolution processes as a means to address contemporary environmental and natural resource (ENR) conflicts, with particular focus on Utah and the Mountain West. The program encompasses four general categories of activity: (1) academic instruction; (2) public education; (3) research and analysis; and (4) process design, facilitation and mediation services. More information about the EDR Program’s mission and activities is available at the program’s website.

The Associate Director position is new to the EDR Program. The position has secure funding for one year; the position’s continuation is contingent on continued or additional funding. The Associate Director will have the following minimum responsibilities, with additional opportunities possible according to the applicant’s interests and background.

Gratitude Challenge, Day 1: Somerville Homeless Coalition

I’ve been called to the gratitude challenge, but rather than follow the rules I’ll be posting each day about an organization whose work I am grateful for.

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I am grateful for the work of the Somerville Homeless Coalition. If you are so moved, you can donate to their efforts. If you’re not local to Somerville, I’m sure you can find a comparable organization in your community.

Homelessness, you see, is far too prevalent.

There’s an estimated 610,042 people experiencing homelessness on any given night in the United States, according to the National Alliance to End Homelessness‘ report of HUD statistics.

A 2005 United Nations Commission on Human Rights found that 100 million people are homeless worldwide.

The Somerville Homeless Coalition supports homeless and near homeless individuals and families in my immediate community. They operate several shelters, provide resources and support, and work to prevent homelessness from occurring in the first place.

You see, it costs the state about $36,000 a year to put a family in a family shelter, but the average cost to prevent a family from becoming homeless is $833.

People become homeless for a wide variety of reasons, but it’s often the case that an unexpected crisis – a medical bill, a car repair, a lost job – makes all the difference. Minimal support in a crisis can change people’s lives and prevent them from becoming homeless.

The health outcomes for people living in poverty are grim, and these issues are only compounded for those who experience homelessness.

I am grateful for the work of the Somerville Homeless Coalition because too many people in our communities face these challenges. Too many lose their homes, their health, their livelihoods. Too many hit rock bottom and have nowhere to turn for support.

And I am grateful for the work of the Somerville Homeless Coalition because too often these people are invisible.

Social skills are hard enough, and as members of society we are never taught how to interact with homeless people. Perhaps worse, we’re taught to be scared of them, to be disguised with them, perhaps to distrust them. To “other” them.

So when we pass our homeless neighbors, rather than a nod and a friendly hi, we’re likely to shuffle silently past. We keep our eyes down. Hold our breath. Hope they don’t ask for change. We hurry on by.

Then we forget they ever existed.

Because life is so much easier, so much less painful, so much less awkward that way.

If we pretend they don’t exist, perhaps the problem will go away.

So, the work of the Somerville Homeless Coalition is important, but perhaps what I am most grateful for is best articulated in their values statement: We treat all people with dignity and respect, always with the understanding that we are part of one community.

I am grateful for the Somerville Homeless Coalition because we are all part of one community. Because all people should be treated with dignity and respect.

Please consider supporting this work.

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The 4th International Degrowth Conference: New Convergences

In a sign of the growing convergence of alternative economic movements, the Degrowth movement’s fourth international conference in Leipzig, Germany, last week attracted more than 2,700 people.  While a large portion of the conference included academics presenting formal papers, there were also large contingents of activists from commons networks, cooperatives, the Social and Solidarity Economy movement, Transition Town participants, the “sharing economy,” and peer production. 

By my rough calculation from browsing the conference program, there were more than 350 separate panels over the course of five days. Topics ranged from all sorts of economic topics (free trade, business models for degrowth, GDP and happiness) to alternative approaches to building a new world (Ivan Illich’s “convivial society,” permaculture, cooperatives, edible forest gardens). 

Degrowth?  For most Americans, the idea of a movement dedicated to non-growth, let alone one that can attract so many people, is incomprehensible.  But in many parts of Europe and the global South, people see the invention of new socio-economic forms of production and sharing as critical, especially if we are going to address climate change and social inequality. 

Some degrowth activists are a bit defensive about the term degrowth because, in English, it sounds so negative and culturally provocative.  (The French term décroissance, meaning “reduction,” is apparently far less jarring than its literal transation as “degrowth.”)  One speaker at the conference conceded this fact, slyly noting, “But unlike other movements, it will be exceedingly hard for opponents to co-opt the term ‘degrowth’”!

In a 2013 paper, “What is Degrowth:  From an Activist Slogan to a Social Movement” (pdf), Frederico Demaria et al. write:  “”’Degrowth’ became an interpretive frame for a new (and old) social movement where numerous streams of critical ideas and political actions converge.  It is an attempt to re-politicise debates about desired socio-environmental futures and an example of an activist-led science now consolidating into a concept in academic literature.”  A new beachhead of this academic inquiry is a book Degrowth:  A Vocabulary for a New Era, due out in November.

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