Peggy Holman Interview from NCDD Seattle

At the 2012 NCDD national conference in Seattle, NCDD member and filmmaker Jeffrey Abelson sat down with over a dozen leaders in our community to ask them about their work and their hopes and concerns for our field and for democratic governance in our country.

Today we’re featuring the interview with Peggy Holman, co-founder of Journalism That Matters and author & co-editor of the Change Handbook.  Peggy convenes and hosts conversations that matter, inviting people and systems to gather around the issues most important to them.

See the “NCDD 2012” tag for more videos from NCDD Seattle, which brought together 400 leaders and innovators in our field. You can also check out Jeffrey Abelson’s Song of a Citizen YouTube channel and our NCDD 2012 Seattle playlist on YouTube.

radio interviews talking about my book

Here are six radio or podcast discussions on my book, We Are the Ones We Have Been Waiting For. Most are call-in shows:

  • This is the audio of me and John Dankosky talking about my book on “Where We Live” (WNPR-Connecticut) on Oct. 25. As a bonus: at min. 26:40, hear Ralph Nader call in and say that everyone should read it.
  • On Nov. 12, I spent 30 minutes on “Topical Currents” with Joseph Cooper, Bonnie Berman and Paul Leary on WLRN in Miami. We discussed why Miami ranks so low on civic engagement. A caller advocated for mandatory voting. My favorite part was when they played Sweet Honey in the Rock’s version of “We Are the Ones ….” They asked, “Professor, was that the inspiration for your book?” Yes, indeed.
  • Here is the audio of my hour-long conversation on Nov. 5 with Kathleen Dunn on Wisconsin Public Radio. This one got quite a few callers, but I thought the conversation got a little vague–my fault. One interesting question was about polarization, and the premise was that liberals are mainly responsible because they all rally around “their” president.
  • This is the audio of my conversation with John Gambling, a self-described moderate conservative radio host on WOR in New York City. His main topic was civic education, but he also asked about my book. He seemed to like the idea that civil discourse is an important aspect of civics in schools–he aims for civility on his radio show.
  • This is an audio podcast of me talking with Frank LoMonte, Executive Director of The Student Press Law Center. He asked me about my book while interviewing me about free speech in schools.
  • Jack Russell Weinstein interviews philosophers for Prairie Public Radio. Here I am on his show “Why? Philosophical Discussions About Everyday Life”–again, talking about the book. This is the most reflective conversation, and we talked about the flawed constitutional structure of the US as well as ordinary civic engagement. Jack told an interesting story about opposing a local development project that the city’s leaders favored–and they were right. That was an opportunity to discuss the value of expertise and also the need to update our methods for discussing issues with political leaders.

The post radio interviews talking about my book appeared first on Peter Levine.

Dialogue Insights and Trainings from Public Conversations

pcp_logoWe read a great piece recently from our friends and organizational members at the Public Conversations Project reminding us about the importance of intentionally preparing ourselves for difficult conversations and presenting new training opportunities to hone our preparedness. Dialogue, deliberation, and other forms of public engagement aren’t always about moving forward together – sometimes we have to work through heavy issues or open conflicts between groups.

As Public Conversations’ Bob Stains writes in the article, if we aren’t ready for the emotions and reactions these conversations can provoke, it can derail the whole dialogue:

…The more intensely I care [about the subject of the dialogue], the higher the conversational stakes, the more likely it is I’ll say something I regret. The thing I’ve said that causes regret is almost always an automatic comeback: a knee-jerk reaction rather than an intentional response, usually defending myself or attacking the other in some way. My reactions in those moments can set others off and then sweep us along a downward-spiraling pathway to pointless argument, misunderstanding and damaged relationships. As I look back on those moments, I wish I’d been able to approach them differently.

Many of us have seen this happen before, or even been the ones reacting from a less-than-productive place, and it reminds us that being prepared for dialogue is ongoing work.

Lucky for us, the Pubic Conversations Project announced in the same post that it will be offering two new two new workshops for the first time this spring called Preparing to Succeed and Facilitating Public Meetings. These trainings will focus on preparing for and facilitating difficult public meetings that will help practitioners show up and perform at their highest level. These two new trainings will be added to Public Conversations’ Fall 2013 – Spring 2014 workshop schedule for trainings on dialogue design, skillful facilitation, powerful practices of inquiry, and more. And NCDD members get a 15% discount on all Public Conversations trainings, so make sure to let them know you’re with us!

But you don’t have to wait until Spring to get new dialogue tools. We’ll leave you with some of the great preparation tips that Bob shared in his blog piece. Next time you’re getting ready for dialogue, consider thinking back to these kinds of questions:

You can prepare for a hard conversation by yourself or with a partner by asking reflective questions. Here are some sample questions from The Uncertain Path to Dialogue: A Meditation, an article by Founding Associate Sallyann Roth:

  • What do I do that shuts others down?
  • What makes it possible for me to listen to them?
  • How can I keep from being taken over by the belief that the other person or group is really the problem?

And more questions to ponder from our pre-dialogue preparatory interview process:

  • When have you had a constructive conversation with someone with whom you disagree on this issue?
  • What aspects or qualities of yourself to you want to make sure to bring out, and what do you want to make sure to restrain in order for you to be at your best in the upcoming conversation?

Finally, simply taking some time to think about your purposes for engaging in the conversation will go a long way. What do you care about? What are you hoping for? What do you want to make sure to avoid? How do you want the relationship to be after this conversation? Stepping back and reflecting on these and other questions beforehand can help you respond intentionally rather than automatically. It can prevent future regrets about things said and turn a potentially destructive conversation into one of mutual learning, understanding and respect.

We hope you can put some of these reflections to use in your own work. You can find the full post on the Public Conversations Project blog, Doing Dialogue, by clicking here: blog.publicconversations.org/preparing-to-connect/#.UoGP_Pl-TS0.

3 Ways the White House’s College Scorecard Can Better Serve Adult Prospective College Students

When the White House released a new ‘College Scorecard’ earlier this year, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan wrote, “Too often, students and their families don’t have the right tools to help them sort through the information they need to decide which college or university is right for them.” The White House’s scorecard aims to fill this gap by providing, in an easily digestible format, information like graduation rates, average costs and loan default rates. Policy makers say such data are important to judging the quality and performance of our schools. But the College Scorecard may not be reaching the students who need it most.

Earlier this year, we sat down with adults who are considering going or returning to college. It had been years since these individuals had seen a high school guidance counselor or a college prep class. For them, a tool like the College Scorecard could be immensely useful. But, in our focus groups, we found that the White House’s strategy does not line up with the habits of adult prospective students. In order to reach this group, which sorely needs unbiased college information and advice, the White House must better align the scorecard with their college search practices and priorities.

The following are three simple ways that the College Scorecard could be improved, based on our research.

1. Get it to appear in prospective students’ search results

Adult prospective students told us that their college searches start in one place: Google. But it’s not easy to stumble on College Scorecard in a Google search. In the first two pages of search results for phrases like “college search,” “stats on colleges,” “what’s the right college for me,” or “graduation rate at [school name],” the College Scorecard never appears. “Where is it? Do you know what I mean? Where would we find it?” asked a woman from Los Angeles. “Why would we even think to go to whitehouse.gov?,” she said. If the White House wants its scorecard to make a difference in the lives of prospective college students, then, above all, they need to make their efforts visible, especially in the search engines that prospective students use most.

Additionally, reactions to the White House’s College Scorecard – unlike reactions to the other online college search tools we presented – were occasionally incredulous. Outside of the student loan system, adult prospective students often do not associate the government – and especially the White House – with higher education and their college search. To draw these prospective students to the site and keep them there, the White House needs to quickly justify its role as college advisor and explain the website's value. From there, though, our participants mostly considered the White House worthy source of information; as a woman from Detroit said, “It’s a source you could trust.”

2. Set up a mobile version for smart phone users

The number of cell phone owners who access the internet on their phone is rising fast, according to Pew, up to 63 percent this year. And 21 percent of adult cell owners say they go online mostly on their cell phone, up from 17 percent just last year. Those most likely to access the internet primarily on their phones are young adults, minorities, those who make less than $30,000 a year, and those who have not graduated college.

Yet once we did get our prospective students to look up the College Scorecard, we came across another problem: it is not compatible with mobile screens. Prospective students who looked at the scorecard on their phones were quick to move on.

The people who could benefit most from additional advising during their college search increasingly prefer a mobile internet experience. Developers should focus on optimizing the College Scorecard for cell phones and tablets. Furthermore, the White House might consider producing an app version of their tool for smart phone use.

3. Articulate a clearer path through the site’s content, quickly

Those who viewed the College Scorecard had mixed reviews of its usability. Older prospective students, it seems, had more patience for the site. One woman from Los Angeles called it “warm” and “very personal.” One man told us he liked the buttons which sort the search categories: “It is bringing up the primary stuff that you want to sort by. Instead of … like if you did a Google search for it, you wouldn’t have this type of information or layout.”

But young adult participants sometimes dismissed the College Scorecard quickly, based on looks. One young student from Philadelphia said the scorecard looked like what he would imagine from the Social Security website – an “appeal to lameness” that struck a chord with other participants. One exclaimed, “I looked at it and I looked again and turned it off. I was like, ‘No.’”

Arriving at the College Scorecard website, these visitors often said they could not immediately determine what to do with it or how it could benefit them. These participants wanted a clearer interface with an obvious pathway, crisper graphics, brighter contrasting colors and less – though more straight-forward – text. For the White House to capture and keep the attention of these younger users, it may be worth it to consider such changes.

When we surveyed adult prospective college students nationwide, only 18 percent said they had ever used an interactive online college search tool, but nearly half said that kind of resource would help them a great deal. There is an opening for tools like the White House’s College Scorecard. Prospective students are hungry for some guidance in their college searches. A few simple changes may make all the difference.

The data in this article was collected for a series of reports on adult students and higher education written by Public Agenda and sponsored by The Kresge Foundation. Check out the most recent of these reports, “Is College Worth It For Me?” which looks at the ways adult prospective college students think about going to college and provides further recommendations for policy-makers and industry leaders to help.

3 Ways the White House’s College Scorecard Can Better Serve Adult Prospective College Students

When the White House released a new ‘College Scorecard’ earlier this year, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan wrote, “Too often, students and their families don’t have the right tools to help them sort through the information they need to decide which college or university is right for them.” The White House’s scorecard aims to fill this gap by providing, in an easily digestible format, information like graduation rates, average costs and loan default rates. Policy makers say such data are important to judging the quality and performance of our schools. But the College Scorecard may not be reaching the students who need it most.

Earlier this year, we sat down with adults who are considering going or returning to college. It had been years since these individuals had seen a high school guidance counselor or a college prep class. For them, a tool like the College Scorecard could be immensely useful. But, in our focus groups, we found that the White House’s strategy does not line up with the habits of adult prospective students. In order to reach this group, which sorely needs unbiased college information and advice, the White House must better align the scorecard with their college search practices and priorities.

The following are three simple ways that the College Scorecard could be improved, based on our research.

1. Get it to appear in prospective students’ search results

Adult prospective students told us that their college searches start in one place: Google. But it’s not easy to stumble on College Scorecard in a Google search. In the first two pages of search results for phrases like “college search,” “stats on colleges,” “what’s the right college for me,” or “graduation rate at [school name],” the College Scorecard never appears. “Where is it? Do you know what I mean? Where would we find it?” asked a woman from Los Angeles. “Why would we even think to go to whitehouse.gov?,” she said. If the White House wants its scorecard to make a difference in the lives of prospective college students, then, above all, they need to make their efforts visible, especially in the search engines that prospective students use most.

Additionally, reactions to the White House’s College Scorecard – unlike reactions to the other online college search tools we presented – were occasionally incredulous. Outside of the student loan system, adult prospective students often do not associate the government – and especially the White House – with higher education and their college search. To draw these prospective students to the site and keep them there, the White House needs to quickly justify its role as college advisor and explain the website's value. From there, though, our participants mostly considered the White House worthy source of information; as a woman from Detroit said, “It’s a source you could trust.”

2. Set up a mobile version for smart phone users

The number of cell phone owners who access the internet on their phone is rising fast, according to Pew, up to 63 percent this year. And 21 percent of adult cell owners say they go online mostly on their cell phone, up from 17 percent just last year. Those most likely to access the internet primarily on their phones are young adults, minorities, those who make less than $30,000 a year, and those who have not graduated college.

Yet once we did get our prospective students to look up the College Scorecard, we came across another problem: it is not compatible with mobile screens. Prospective students who looked at the scorecard on their phones were quick to move on.

The people who could benefit most from additional advising during their college search increasingly prefer a mobile internet experience. Developers should focus on optimizing the College Scorecard for cell phones and tablets. Furthermore, the White House might consider producing an app version of their tool for smart phone use.

3. Articulate a clearer path through the site’s content, quickly

Those who viewed the College Scorecard had mixed reviews of its usability. Older prospective students, it seems, had more patience for the site. One woman from Los Angeles called it “warm” and “very personal.” One man told us he liked the buttons which sort the search categories: “It is bringing up the primary stuff that you want to sort by. Instead of … like if you did a Google search for it, you wouldn’t have this type of information or layout.”

But young adult participants sometimes dismissed the College Scorecard quickly, based on looks. One young student from Philadelphia said the scorecard looked like what he would imagine from the Social Security website – an “appeal to lameness” that struck a chord with other participants. One exclaimed, “I looked at it and I looked again and turned it off. I was like, ‘No.’”

Arriving at the College Scorecard website, these visitors often said they could not immediately determine what to do with it or how it could benefit them. These participants wanted a clearer interface with an obvious pathway, crisper graphics, brighter contrasting colors and less – though more straight-forward – text. For the White House to capture and keep the attention of these younger users, it may be worth it to consider such changes.

When we surveyed adult prospective college students nationwide, only 18 percent said they had ever used an interactive online college search tool, but nearly half said that kind of resource would help them a great deal. There is an opening for tools like the White House’s College Scorecard. Prospective students are hungry for some guidance in their college searches. A few simple changes may make all the difference.

The data in this article was collected for a series of reports on adult students and higher education written by Public Agenda and sponsored by The Kresge Foundation. Check out the most recent of these reports, “Is College Worth It For Me?” which looks at the ways adult prospective college students think about going to college and provides further recommendations for policy-makers and industry leaders to help.

Webinar on Community Discussions & NIF Guides

NIF-logoLast week, the American Library Association (ALA) hosted a one-hour webinar titled Guides for Community Discussions: National Issues Forums (NIF) and Others designed to help public conveners find out more about issue books, videos, and other guides available to help them bring their communities together to talk in productive, civil, and interesting ways. The webinar focused specifically on the resources provided by our partners at the National Issues Forums Institute.

If you missed the live webinar, don’t worry! The recording is now available online, and you can find it by clicking here. You can still hear the great insights and information shared by presenters Carolyn Caywood, and Nancy Kranich, both from ALA’s Center for Civic Life, and Patty Dineen from the National Issues Forum Institute. They review and show examples of available discussion-starting materials, describe how these guides can support engaging library programs, and give examples of how librarians have used them in their communities.

This webinar was the fifth in a civic engagement series produced by Programming Librarian and is sponsored by the ALA Center for Civic Life.  We encourage you to can find our more about the first four webinars at www.programminglibrarian.org/civic-engagement.html#.Ui9qXGRgZ38.

You can find out more about this webinar by checking out NIFI’s initial announcement of the webinar or its recent post about the recordings.

Homegrown Urban Parks in Toronto

To the people of Toronto, city parks are not something that the city government simply provides.  They are a passion that engages ordinary citizens acting as commoners.  A great example is the Homegrown National Park, a new green corridor in the heart of Toronto that the David Suzuki Foundation is building with the help of 21 “Neighborhood Park Rangers” and 14 partner groups. 

Taking inspiration from authors Richard Louv and Douglas Tallamy, who have written about our extreme alienation from nature and its negative effects on our well-being, the Homegrown National Park is building green space along the path of a “lost river” in Toronto, Garrison Creek, that was built over many years ago. The project also wants to connect all the “islands of green” in the city into an interconnected ecological space.

What makes the Homegrown National Park so unusual is its mobilization of citizens.  The idea is not just to build another park – which would be a fine and welcome mission -- but to re-connect people to nature.  It aims to help people step up to the responsibilities and pleasures of acting as stewards of their own urban spaces.  Volunteers are invited to plant native trees and shrubs, cultivate spaces for birds and butterflies, and help people grow food in their backyards and balconies.  You can watch a video of the project here.  (Thanks for the alert on this project, Paul Baines!)

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qualms about a bond market for philanthropy

Today’s New York Times describes a nascent plan for a philanthropic bond market. The main proponent, Lindsay Beck, “says she has long believed that charitable money is often misallocated; some of the most effective organizations struggle to raise funds, while some of the least effective charities are allocated millions.” She proposes that people and firms that want to do good with their money (and gain tax advantages) should buy bonds in nonprofits that show strong evidence of effectiveness.

This proposal is just an example of the broader movement toward social entrepreneurship, social impact investing, and (more generally) the application of business principles to philanthropy. It makes sense insofar as nonprofits provide services with market value that their clients cannot afford. For example, a homeless person could and would buy a meal if he had the cash. If a nonprofit provides the meal for free, funders naturally want to know how many meals they can buy for their dollar.

But there’s another way to look at nonprofits: as associations created, managed, and sustained by citizens in their communities. De Tocqueville thought that democracy flourished in America only because we had such associations to complement the state and the market.

Investing in nonprofits to deliver services ignores these issues:

1. Power. Of course, the golden rule has always applied (“He who has the gold, rules”). But traditionally, if you wanted to be a philanthropist in your community, you had to meet with leaders of civic groups, and they’d have agendas of their own. You had the cash, but they would be able to bestow positive or negative publicity. Their members could vote in local elections that would affect your interests. They would have relationships with other organizations in town, from the newspaper to the church. You could not just get up and leave town without substantial costs. There was some power on both sides of the table, which meant that they could decide what they wanted and ask you for it. In a philanthropic bond market, all the power lies with the donor.

2. Learning: In a traditional nonprofit, the leaders and other members decide what they want to do. They deliberate and learn from practical experience. That means they can fail, or face internal conflicts, or apply bad values. It also means that they learn the Tocquevillian art and science of association, and they can transfer their learning to other organizations and to politics. On the other hand, in a philanthropic market, social entrepreneurs create products and sell them to investors. Very few people learn, and no one must learn how to reason and negotiate with people who lack money and power.

3. Social capital: My colleagues Kei Kawashima-Ginsberg and Chaeyoon Lim and I have found that communities have better economic prospects if they have more nonprofit organizations per capita. We argue that it’s not because the nonprofits provide goods and services efficiently. In fact, fewer, bigger nonprofits might be more efficient. It is rather that participants in hands-on local associations develop networks, relationships, and loyalties that are valuable economically. If investments flow to highly efficient nonprofits, then social capital will be wiped out.

4. Value questions. It is not self-evident that we should reduce recidivism (which is the example cited in the Times article). Maybe we should fight to cut the arrest and incarceration rates instead. A program to cut recidivism offers a service that can be quantified and measured: $x reduces the prison-return rate by y%. It thereby legitimizes the criminal justice system. I am not necessarily in favor of more radical changes, but I think they should be discussed, and the decision should not be made by the people with cash. Again, I realize that wealthy donors have always had disproportionate power, but a bond market just takes away all the friction and resistance. Donors can buy a lower recidivism rate (while taking tax benefits) without any accountability for the moral tradeoffs and complexities.

5. Process. If you believe in democracy at all, you believe in certain processes for making decisions collectively. These processes vary, but in general, they involve a degree of deliberation and some equality in the power to determine the outcomes. Democratic processes are inefficient. They slow down service-delivery and they impose their own costs. (Someone has to pay for the meeting rooms, the snacks, the facilitation, and the recruitment.) To the extent that philanthropists can pay for pure outcomes, they will not invest in processes. And then we will have fewer meetings and other democratic processes in our communities.

I suppose we can have a bond market for investments in pure service-delivering nonprofits and also an array of locally rooted, deliberative associations that control their own destinies. But I worry that the money, attention, and energy will shift to the former and the Tocquevillian basis of our democracy will continue to erode.

The post qualms about a bond market for philanthropy appeared first on Peter Levine.

Moving the “Delibertainment” Conversation Forward

Catalyst AwardsWe were pleased as punch to see the Real Dialogues Project, one of the winners of the 2012 NCDD Catalyst Awards, reach an important milestone last week – they hosted their very first Google hangout discussion! We encourage you to check out their post and the short video about the conversation here.

We also wanted to share a related write up on an interesting article from the Journal for Public Deliberation on public engagement in news media. We are inspired to see growing amounts of discourse on this “deliberative television” or “delibertainment” model that Real Dialogues is pioneering. You can read the write up below, or you can find the original post by NCDD organizational member Tim Bonnemann on his Intellitics blog.


Deliberative Television

The latest edition of the Journal for Public Deliberation features an interesting article by Ashley Muddiman and Matthew R. Meier that discusses how using citizen panels might be applied to “refocus news outlets on their fundamentally democratic functions and foster a more engaged and deliberative citizenry”: Deliberative Television: Encouraging Substantive, Citizen-Driven News.

Abstract:

With Americans’ confidence in the news media dwindling, the quality of programming declining, and audiences turning elsewhere, the American news media is at a crossroads. We argue that news outlets should consider a new form of deliberation-based programming for local news coverage as a means of responding to these problems. As a basis for the programming, we build on public journalism (Rosen & Merritt, 1994) and deliberative citizen panels (Knobloch, Gastil, Reedy, & Walsh, 2013). By engaging citizens in the production of news, media outlets not only stand to gain viewers by increasing the quality of their issue coverage, but they also could secure their claim as a public institution providing a valuable public good. We urge media outlets to consider turning to citizen panels to determine which issues are salient and to engage in structured deliberations about those issues, which can be captured and built into content packages for use in news programming. In so doing, news outlets can help activate viewers by positioning them not as passive consumers but as engaged citizens prepared for public deliberation.

The authors note:

We believe that the problems facing local news can be overcome by changing the content of local news programming. In particular, we suggest news content be built on three components: emphasizing state and local issues, engaging citizens in the production process, and maintaining audiences by relying on an alternative format.

They outline the following general process:

  1. Host a so-called priority conference, whereby randomly selected citizens decide what issues to cover
  2. Host a “citizen jury” (using the 2010 Oregon Citizens’ Initiative Review pilot project as a guide), whereby participants learn about the issues, deliberate with each other and form a range of opinions.
  3. “Soft news” coverage of steps 1 and 2
  4. Various options for further content implementation:
  • Develop content into a weekly stand-alone program with each episode focusing on a new issue
  • Create regularly occurring segments for broadcast in traditional news programs
  • Substantive web- or app-based interactivity

With regard to interactivity, I would specifically add the many opportunities digital engagement has to offer when it comes to turning viewers into participants. With the right setup, viewers could be brought into the deliberative process and that, in turn, could become part of the programming, thus creating a virtuous cycle of deliberative television!

In related news, a recent report by AmericaSpeaks also talks about new ways in which the news media might support citizen engagement and collaborative governance: Integrating News Media, Citizen Engagement, and Digital Platforms Towards Democratic Ends (PDF)

The article’s section titled “What can news media do?” (page 3) outlines four functions that news media might support to “bring greater citizen engagement and connection to decision-making and governance”. The authors suggest that “news media will need to find ways to heighten the entertainment value of the presentation” and bring up the idea of “a reality-TV show where popular participants work together to understand and react to current news events.” The authors further suggest that “second screen polling technologies can be used in conjunction with [...] the aforementioned reality-TV show” as a way to give citizens the chance to participate in decision-making in order to help them “fully understand the complexities of policy making”.

The report concludes:

Many of us in the world of deliberative democracy and citizen engagement have sought ways to institutionalize stronger links between citizens and decision makers within government. While those efforts should continue, building infrastructure and capacity for more informed, citizen-based decision-making and action within other sectors is needed. The news media and the evolution of digital platforms and engagement tools provide a powerful opportunity for this.

News media and deliberative democracy share an understanding of the importance of strengthening the connections between citizens and government to promote a healthy democracy. Though they have viewed this connection in different ways and employed very different implementation methods, both need to learn from each other, shift their approaches, and create something new together to accomplish the shared goal of engaging ever larger numbers of people, especially from the political center, in governance and strengthening our democracy.

Both the JPD article and the AmericaSpeaks report fit in perfectly with the work we’ve been doing as part of the Real Dialogues project. We’re prototyping on a shoestring budget, of course, but if things go well we should be able to validate a first few key pieces of the bigger delibertainment puzzle.

Stay tuned!

Find Tim’s original post here: www.intellitics.com/blog/2013/11/07/deliberative-television.