Peter Levine takes on the question “Do we live in a republic or a democracy?”

I am excited to see the latest post on scholar Peter Levine’s blog, which tackles the bewildering question (I’ve found it bewildering, anyway!), Do we live in a republic or a democracy?

My pat answer to that question has been both — the U.S. is a democratic republic or a representative democracy; that in a large country you need some combination of elected representatives and direct citizen voice.  I’ve also said that this is partly a question of semantics and of changing definitions over time.  I’m happy to see I wasn’t far off. :)

But Levine has taken the time to answer this question thoroughly, with quotes and details from throughout America’s history. As many of our field consider themselves to be part of a movement towards a more deliberative, engaged democracy (NCDD members have written many books with titles like Democracy in Motion, Slow Democracy, the Tao of Democracy, and the Next Form of Democracy), we’d better be able to channel Peter an perhaps quote Ronald Reagan (see below) when we’re on the receiving end of this question!

Peter begins with a quote from Ronald Reagan:

“You all knew that some things are worth dying for. One’s country is worth dying for, and democracy is worth dying for, because it’s the most deeply honorable form of government ever devised by man.”

- President Ronald Reagan, Normandy, June 6, 1984

Here are some pertinent excerpts from this valuable post:

From World War I until recently, leaders of both major political parties routinely claimed that the United States was a democracy. Politicians often called us “the greatest democracy on earth” and asserted that the purpose of both world wars, Korea, Vietnam, and the Cold War had been to defend democracy. The main debate was whether we had attained a democracy or were still struggling to be one, with the strongest skeptics on the left. A perennial argument pitted left critics–who asserted that our domestic and foreign policies were anti-democratic–against conservative defenders of our credentials as a real democracy.

This consensus about goals has broken down because the hard right now says that we were not founded as a democracy and should not be one….

How did this semantic ambiguity arise? The word “democracy” is of Greek origin. It literally means “rule of (or by) the people.” One could hold that the sovereign power in the US is the people–and hence we have a democracy in the etymological sense. Like all old words, however, “democracy” has accumulated resonances beyond its etymological origins. It may invoke the Greek city-states (whether seen as ideals or as disasters) or mass modern societies.

“Republic” comes from the Latin. My Latin dictionary says that “publicus” means “belonging to the people.” Thus “res publica” means the “thing belonging to the people,” whereas “democracy” is the “people’s rule.” If there is a significant difference in the etymological sense of these words, it is the difference between something that the people have (a republic) versus a power they wield (democracy)…

Ultimately, the United States can be called republican and democratic. The two words have interestingly different origins and resonances but are not sharply distinguishable. Nor do we have either a pure republic/democracy. Some limitations on the republic/democratic element are wise, but our current system is flawed by most standards. Although our democratic/republican aspirations are only partly realized, they remain beacons.

Check out the full post at http://peterlevine.ws/?p=12096.

LA Days of Dialogue addresses Trayvon Martin verdict

Days of Dialogue — a long-time NCDD organizational member based on Los Angeles — got some great TV coverage of their recent event in a series of dialogues designed to help the L.A. community process their emotions and opinions about the Trayvon Martin verdict.

LA-DaysOfDialogue-Coverage

They’re in the midst of running a series of three events titled Days of Dialogue:  The Death of Trayvon Martin… Unfinished Business.  The first event, which received the coverage on NBC News in Southern California, took place on  Saturday (July 27).

The Days of Dialogue events are hosted by The Empowerment Congress, Price Chapel A.M.E., Holman Methodist Church, The Violence Prevention Coalition of Los Angeles, Community Partners, Urban League, Holman Methodist Church, and others.

Last Friday, Avis Ridley-Thomas asked me to share a flyer with the network on these events, but I was traveling at the time. In the flyer, people interested in attending, facilitating, or offering other assistance are asked to contact Maria Garcia at maria.l.garcia@lacity.org or (213) 485-8324.

Upcoming dialogues are scheduled for:

  • Saturday, August 3, 2013, 9:00 a.m., Empowerment Congress, 700 State Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90007
  • Sunday, August 11, 2013, 6:00 p.m., Community for Racial Justice, The Church in Ocean Park, 235 Hill Street, Santa Monica, CA 90405
  • Saturday, August 17, 2013 10:00 a.m. Holman United Methodist Church, 3320 West Adams Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90018

By the way — one great way to learn more about Days of Dialogue is to watch the great video interview Jeffrey Abelson filmed at the 2012 National Conference on Dialogue & Deliberation in Seattle.

Time to register for the 2013-2014 DDPE Certificate Program

It’s time to sign up for the next cycle of the award winning Dialogue, Deliberation, and Public Engagement Certificate Program. Kansas State University’s DDPE program is a transformative professional development program focused on making wise choices for engagement.

DDPE-logoNCDD is a ‘Collaborator’ of the program, and NCDD supporting members enjoy a 10% discount on program fees. Please note that information calls on the program are scheduled for today at 6pm Central, August 8 at 10am Central, August 22 at 6pm Central, September 4 at 10am Central and September 12 at 5pm Central.

This year’s cycle begins September 23rd. Learn more about the course offerings and costs here. NCDD strongly encourages our members to enroll.  It’s a great way to deepen your practice and gain some credentials in this work. The program’s faculty is an amazing group of leaders: Keith Melville, Hal Saunders, John Dedrick, Phil Stewart, Linda Blong, Jan Elliot, and Lyn Carson. Making connections with this group of superstars is worth the cost of enrollment!

This distinctive program focuses on developing mastery in making wise choices for bringing dialogue, deliberation, and engagement into situations where they are most effective. Through DDPE, we invite you to:

  • Work with proven frameworks for selecting and adapting effective processes.
  • Develop new skills for designing and facilitating meetings and whole initiatives.
  • Ground your work in the foundational underpinnings of dialogue and deliberation.
  • Deepen and broaden your knowledge of the diverse ways of working in this field.
  • Learn through collaborative reflective practice that impacts your work in the world.
  • Focus on effective action and the questions that are most pressing for your work.

The 20-week DDPE certificate program is composed of four component courses: Two involve learning at a distance (online and on the phone), and the other two are face-to-face workshops.

Designed and delivered in collaboration with the International Institute for Sustained Dialogue, the Kettering Foundation, and the Public Dialogue Consortium, the DDPE program is led by an outstanding faculty of scholar-practitioners who have played key roles in developing this field. It also features widely recognized guest scholar-practitioners who join us on the phone, and we are proud to partner with the National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation and other organizations that lead the field.

To learn more, go to www.dce.k-state.edu/conf/dialogue/

A couple of recent comments from DDPE alums:

“DDPE was one of the most valuable professional development programs I have experienced, and it was pivotal in grounding my work as I launched my own business as an engagement practitioner.”

Diane Miller President, Civic Collaboration and Board Member, National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation

“Out in real world, my DDPE certificate is one of the most valuable tools I have.”

Dr. Kathy Armijo Etre Vice President of Community Health, St. Vincent Regional Medical Center

Tuition and Registration Information

Costs and package discounts: www.dce.k-state.edu/conf/dialogue/programcosts

Register Online: www.dce.k-state.edu/conf/dialogue/registration

Group Decision Tip: Incrementally

Group Decision Tips IconIn principle, the best things are always built in tiny stages. Often there is the illusion of dramatic change, but even seemingly miraculous changes result from thousands of small steps. Taking small steps forward on a project lets us learn as we go and adjust. Big steps are risky. Small steps are sure-footed. Nature builds in very small increments and achieves very great things.

Practical Tip: Do things small before you do them big, on small stages before big stages. Make use of pilot projects, test cases, and trial runs. Make commitments incrementally. Proceed with many small steps rather than a few giant leaps. When your group wants to rush ahead asking, “What’s the biggest step we can take to achieve our objective?” ask also, “What’s the smallest step we can take?”

It is better to take a small step in what we know is the right direction than to take a large step in what might be the wrong direction.

Upcoming Conference Call on Community Vision and Values

CM_logo-200pxWe are excited to once again invite you all to join us for a free conference call being hosted by our partners at CommunityMatters and the Citizens’ Institute on Rural Design this Thursday, July 25th from 3:00 to 4:00 pm Eastern Time.  This second call in the three-part capacity building series will feature David Hohenschau of the Orton Family Foundation and Peter Flinker of Dodson & Flinker Landscape Architecture and Planning who will share their knowledge and experience around the call’s theme, “Designing for the Vision and Values of Your Community.”

If you want your project to truly succeed, it must reflect the vision and values of the community. But that’s easier said than done. Join this call to confirm and deepen your understanding of a community’s vision and values, learn how to use that understanding to inform design projects and a range of issues facing communities today, and hear strategies from folks who have succeeded in designing for the vision and values of their community.

Register for the call here, and be sure to mark your calendars for Thursday evening.

For more background on this installment of the call series, you can check out the CommunityMatters blog post here or read the post below.  Don’t miss this great opportunity to strengthen your skills and learn from the experience of these knowledgeable guests!


The Values Behind a Vision

Let’s say your community was recently hit by a hurricane, a drought, or a tornado. Your downtown is devastated and it’s time to plan for recovery. That’s the challenge ahead of Live Oak, Florida, a community hit last year by Hurricane Debby and recently selected to host a 2013 Citizens’ Institute on Rural Design (CIRD) Workshop. But what do you demolish and what do you rebuild? Where do you even begin?

Or say your historic town is in danger of losing local businesses and its sense of place in the face of generic strip development. Lima, New York – another 2013 CIRD host community – is struggling with exactly that issue. How do you take a stand and help your small town survive? How do you create a vibrant and economically resilient future?

These stories are compelling, but not unique. Communities of all sizes face similar challenges and are working to craft futures that build on their strengths and assets. Towns in these situations often start with a visioning process. You pull people together, brainstorm about what you would like your community to look like in 10, 20, or even 50 years, and wait for change to happen.

A community vision is an important starting point, but is seldom enough to begin the transformation process. Broad goals like “building a strong future,” which is hard to argue with, can mean different things to different people. That becomes a problem when you are trying to use a vision to make specific planning or design choices. (How does a goal of building a “strong future” help you make a decision on where to put a park or how to design a block? Anyone?)

Visions are strongest when they reflect what people care most about in their towns – specific and widely-shared community values. A values-based vision is the foundation for a thriving community. It spells out who your community is and what it wants to be. Values are often initially captured in broad themes – “small town feel,” “rural character,” or “strong local economy.” But it’s the definition of these broad themes that allows you to make tangible decisions about the future of your community – from park design to downtown revitalization to disaster resilience.

You have to ask, how does a particular community value show up in my town? Or how could it show up? Think about “small town feel.” Is that value driven by a certain type of architecture? By neighbors getting to know each other? By the ability to walk places, the placement of front porches, or the number of street trees? The answer varies in every community. But by drilling down into the things that matter most to your community’s residents, it’s possible to clearly articulate values that are broadly understood and shared. They can then be used to drive clear policies and funding and design decisions that lead to collectively desired results.

Discovering values and vision isn’t just about decision-making. Knowing what your community is (and is not) is also critical to economic vibrancy. Towns across the U.S. are discovering that their prosperity rests in their distinctive character. This character can only be understood when a community takes the time to know itself.

No one said it’s easy, but David Hohenschau, a community designer and planner at the Orton Family Foundation, can give you a good roadmap to getting started. On this month’s CommunityMatters conference call, Dave will walk through the nuts and bolts of how to create a values-based vision. We’ll also hear from Peter Flinker, Principal of Dodson & Flinker Landscape Architects and Planning, who will share examples of how communities have successfully applied their visions to specific planning and design projects.

Join us for this month’s CommunityMatters conference call, hosted in partnership with CIRD, and learn more about how to develop or deepen a strong values-based approach and use it help your town pick up, move forward, and yes, even build a strong future.

This call is the second in a three-part series co-hosted by CommunityMatters and the Citizens’ Institute on Rural Design (CIRD). The series is designed to help people in any community working on a design or planning project get the skills to succeed and the inspiration to get started.O

Original blog post can be found at www.communitymatters.org/blog/values-behind-vision.

Registration page can be found at www.orton.org/civicrm/event/register?reset=1&id=68.

A Turning Point for the Public Engagement Field?

We live in exciting, challenging and, in many ways, unprecedented times for governance in the U.S.  With massive public budget cuts, political polarization, and historically low levels trust in government intersecting with high unemployment, shifting demographics, and looming climate challenges, substantively involving the public in governance has rarely ever been more difficult or more necessary.

PetePetersonBut recent developments in California have sparked conversation here at NCDD about how the convergence of these circumstances may be creating a perfect storm in which the use of dialogue, deliberation, and pubic engagement can be catapulted to levels of reach and effectiveness that we have yet to see.  So we want to invite you to reflect with us on the significance that this moment might have for our work, and the opportunities it presents to reshape how citizens and government interact.

Our reflection began with a recent article penned by our friend, Republican Pete Peterson, head of the Davenport Institute (an NCDD organizational member), who contends that the problem with government is not whether it is too big or too small, as is the common framing in political debate.  Instead, he suggests that the issue is actually that, for many very good reasons, citizens no longer feel they can trust the government to do the right thing.

This lack of trust complicates other social and political realities, and feeds a downward spiral of relations between publics and their governments.  But Peterson believes that this situation hides a golden opportunity to begin boldly experimenting with new ways that public officials can put governance and decision-making power back into the hands of the public at large — that if everyday citizens can’t trust the government to address public problems in effective ways, maybe they can trust themselves and their communities.

As practitioners and scholars of our field know, some of the most creative and effective solutions to public problems come from the utilization of the tools of public engagement. But we also know that one of the greatest barriers to expanding those tools is the inertia of the status quo in public engagement, and that in many ways, we need a breakthrough that would elevate and normalize the kinds of citizen participation that we know works.

No one knows what that breakthrough will look like, but as Fox & Hounds writer Joe Mathews recently wrote, it might look like an experienced public engagement professional being elected to public office and using the position to expand the government’s official adoption and expansion of quality public engagement processes. And with the recent announcement that Pete Peterson will be running for California’s Secretary of State in the next election, just such a breakthrough for public engagement may be more within reach than ever. (We announced it here on the blog on April 23rd.)

Mathews points out that “the Secretary of State’s office [is] the natural headquarters for remaking governance in California around models of legitimate civic engagement.” And in the wake of the drastic budget cuts that have seen California government shrink in past years, the state is in a unique position to experiment with innovative forms of public engagement and participatory governance.  If those experiments go well — if Californians are empowered to have more say so in their own communities and rebuild some of their eroded faith in government — it could prompt local and state governments all over the country to begin running their own experiments in public engagement, which could eventually lead to a long-term shift in the way that governments engage with publics in the US.

This is what we mean by “a perfect storm” for the expansion of our field.  If just one influential state in the country could start demonstrating that government can be made more accountable, transparent, effective, and efficient by scaling up deliberative and participatory public engagement models, today’s political, economic, and social climate could prove to be fertile ground for that up-scaling to spread like wildfire.  We won’t speculate as to exactly what that would look like or what kind of results it would have, but we think that everyday people becoming empowered to play a bigger role in defining their communities’ priorities and decision-making can hardly be a bad thing.

An upsurge in robust public engagement could also have an impact on the left-right polarization our country is experiencing.  Peterson is running as a Republican, and as his article highlights, there is a great deal that conservatives should ostensibly be able to identify with and get behind when it comes to real public engagement, and he calls for conservatives to rally behind the cause.  It will be telling to watch how Peterson’s candidacy is received by a state and a field that has more than its fair share of progressives.

Still, we have to remember that Peterson’s run for Secretary of State is in no way a sure thing or a quick fix for the ills of the state or the country.  Indeed there are risks involved in his candidacy — the public and civic engagement movement could actually be damaged if Peterson, if elected makes mistakes or fails to implement the kinds of changes he sets out to make, and there is no telling whether California’s current situation will truly be improved by more participatory avenues for governance.  But Peterson’s announcement statement suggests that his campaign is about real engagement and transforming how the state is governed, and it seems like a serious.  So while there are no guarantees, we note that the potential for a significant shift is there, and that means we’ll be keeping an eye on next year’s elections in California.