Patterns of Commoning is Now Published!

After two years of working with more than 50 contributors, Silke Helfrich and I are pleased to announce that Patterns of Commoning is now available in both English and German editions.  The books have just arrived back from the printer and are available from our distributor Off the Common Books and Amazon (US). You can learn more about the anthology at its website.

Patterns of Commoning is arguably the most accessible and broad-ranging survey of contemporary commons in print. It introduces readers to more than fifty notable commons from around the world and explores the inner dynamics of commoning with great sensitivity.

A primary goal of Patterns of Commoning is to show the great scope and vitality of commons initiatives around the world. There are chapters on alternative currencies and open source farm equipment, community forests and co-learning commons, theater commons and collaborative mapping, urban commons and dozens of others. Margaret Thatcher once championed neoliberal capitalism with the harsh ultimatum, “There IS no alternative!”  Patterns of Commoning shows in vivid detail that there are plenty of alternatives!

As editors, Silke and I are grateful that dozens of international activists, academics and project leaders agreed to share their deep knowledge about commoning learned from their particular commons. A special set of longer essays in the book probe the personal, social and spiritual dimensions of commoning among specific groups, such as Scottish fishermen, the Maori in New Zealand, and the shantydwellers movement in South Africa. Other essays explore the new political rationality of commoning through the lens of property rights in African farmland. Other pieces explore the metaphysics of the commons and the commons as a "pluriverse" of relational worldviews.  (Contents page here.

Patterns of Commoning is a companion volume to The Wealth of Commons anthology published in 2012 (the German version, Commons:  Für eine neue Politik jenseits von Markt und Staat).  Once again, we are grateful to the Heinrich Böll Foundation for its unwavering support, especially from Barbara Unmüssig, President of the Böll Foundation, and Heike Löschmann, the head of the Department of International Politics. 

We’re hoping the book will open up some new conversations and provoke greater media coverage of commoning. If you have any good ideas for promoting the book among Web communities, academics, activists, the press or ordinary citizens eager to learn about fresh alternatives, please let me know. I also invite you to use Facebook and Twitter to spread the word.  We’re recommending use of the hashtags #patternsofcommoning, #commoning or #4thecommons.

read more

Highly Recommended: Capra & Mattei’s “The Ecology of Law”

An important new book offering a vision of commons-based law has just arrived!  The Ecology of Law:  Toward a Legal System in Tune with Nature and Community, argues that we need to reconceptualize law itself and formally recognize commoning if we are going to address our many environmental problems.

The book is the work of two of the more venturesome minds in science and law – Fritjof Capra  and Ugo Mattei, respectively. Capra is a physicist and systems thinker who first gained international attention in 1975 with his book The Tao of Physics, which drew linkages between modern physics and Eastern mysticism. Mattei is a well-known legal theorist of the commons, international law scholar and commons activist in Italy who teaches at Hastings College of the Law in San Francisco, and at the University of Turin. He is also deputy mayor of Ch­ieri in the northern region of Italy.

The Law of Ecology is an ambitious, big-picture account of the history of law as an artifact of the scientific, mechanical worldview – a legacy that we must transcend if we are to overcome many contemporary problems, particularly ecological disaster. The book argues that modernity as a template of thought is a serious root problem in today’s world.  Among other things, it privileges the individual as supreme agent despite the harm to the collective good and ecological stability. Modernity also sees the world as governed by simplistic, observable cause-and-effect, mechanical relationships, ignoring the more subtle dimensions of life such as subjectivity, caring and meaning.

As a corrective, Capra and Mattei propose a new body of commons-based institutions recognized by law (which itself will have a different character than conventional state law).

It’s quite a treat to watch two sophisticated dissenters outline their vision of a world based on commoning and protected by a new species of “ecolaw.” Capra and Mattei start their story by sketching important parallels between natural science and jurisprudence over the course of history. Both science and law, for example, reflect shared conceptualizations of humans and nature.  We still live in the cosmological world articulated by John Locke, Francis Bacon, Rene Descartes, Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes, all of whom saw the world as a rational, empirically knowable order governed by atomistic individuals and mechanical principles. This worldview continues to prevail in economics, social sciences, public policy and law.

read more

Five Digital Tools I Use Every Day

On a pretty regular basis, I get asked about how I do certain techie things. Many of you tech savvy folks out there will be aware of these, or will use some variant on these tools. A number of folks I know are not aware of or experienced yet using at least one of these, so I thought it would be fun to say a few words about them.

 

Evernote logo1. Evernote

I know people who swear by some note-taking software. If you’ve got a great one, awesome! I have found Evernote to be fantastic and if your tools can do these things, by all means, stick with them.

When I browsing the Web, I want to keep info from a page, but I don’t want to make yet another bookmark or to make a PDF file. I just want to save it to read later. Evernote has a button/extension you can install for your brower, and it will save content you choose – the whole page or parts of it – to your Evernote. You can add a tag and categorize where it goes. Later, just text search something you remember about it, and boom. The waiting room at the dentist’s office becomes reading time space.

I often take notes in meetings, though I’m getting better about bringing a latop for them. On my laptop, I’ll usually take my notes in Evernote. You can attach files, pictures, audio, video, other files (PDFs, etc). When I take handwritten notes, however, which is still common for me, I then take a photo with my cellphone camera (which has gotten super high quality). You may need to practice a bit taking good pics of your notes, but I find it takes me almost no time at all to keep a digital copy of my handwritten notes. PLUS, Evernote processes them (I don’t know how long the delay is between posting and processing), and then you can text-search your handwriting. Yes. It’s awesome.

I use this for saving receipts, notes, Web pages for later, photos of anything I want to remember at some point, etc. You can also record a note for yourself to remember something later. I admit that I’ve not yet started doing that, but I love the idea and will give it a go. I love having access to my notes all in one place, organizable by “Notebook” and tags, and more. You can share notebooks with people too, which is great for teamwork, at work and in family needs.

Oh, and I find Evernote to be the best tool for grocery lists, with super-easy to add checkable boxes in front of “Bananas.”

 

Logo for Dropbox.2. Dropbox

By now, most people will have heard of or use some variant on Dropbox. You’d think so. Alas, many of my students still do not know the pain of losing a ton of work time to a crashed hard drive. When they do, they come to learn about Dropbox, or they do if they’re smart. I use dropbox on my desktop computer, laptop, iPad, and cellphone. When I’m on the go, if I have a network connection (including via my cell service), I can get access to any of my files on my cell and send a file, read it, edit it, etc, as needed. If I’ve got my laptop, I’ve got my static copies that I can work on in full depth and synchronize as soon as I get a connection again.

Now that my cellphone can be a wifi hotspot, I am only ever disconnected when on a plane that doesn’t provide internet access. Super backed up files. Synchronization. Plus, when I do that thing where you “save over the file that you wanted to make a new copy of before you… damn it!” That thing – when you do that, Dropbox can let you  recover the file – to one of several possible past versions of the file.

Another favorite feature of Dropbox is the auto-sync of my phone’s photos to Dropbox. When I take photos of the kids, of a pretty scene, of anything important, if my phone has a digital connection (this setting can be customized), it will automatically upload my video or photo to Dropbox. So, if I capture a photo and love it, but 10 minutes later my phone totally dies or is lost, I’d still have the photo. That’s pretty great. This feature turns out to be super helpful in other ways. For, while Evernote will put a picture synced into my notes program, Dropbox will just get a file onto my computer. If I want a sheet of paper to be a photo on my computer that I can either use as a photo for a Web design function, or that I can turn into a PDF file, it’s so quick. I snap the photo, it syncs online, then my desktop syncs it, and poof. I can use the file on my desktop, no wires. It’s brilliant.

 

Logo for WordPress3. WordPress

I had heard of WordPress some time ago, with people telling me it was powerful. I didn’t understand. WordPress is a blog platform. I used to think that blogs were lame. Here’s my lame former blog.

Blogs didn’t used to seem cool because: a) They weren’t very customizable and therefore looked stupid, I thought; b) They looked like an easy platform for self-publishing that had all the hang-ups of that association – no built-in audience, no quality control, etc.; and c) They seemed so ubiquitous that people could easily ignore them. There are many dead blogs, my old one among them. So, why are we talking about WordPress?

Prior to WordPress, I was using Dreamweaver, a tank of a program, the Photoshop of Web design, I thought, and was managing my sites. It took some work each time you wanted to post something, though, going through Photoshop for sizing and other reasons, like adding text, etc. Adding video was a nightmare. Then, on top of that, my site was pretty static.

When experts I know had a look at my old site, now here, they told me it wasn’t easy to glance at it and know what I’m about. What I discovered was that my whole site was basically more like the “About” page on interesting, dynamic sites.

What’s a dynamic site? First of all, it posts new content regularly, which is why you’d want to come back. Secondly, it is feature-full, making it easy to post photos, video, audio, links, and social media tools. Thirdly, it is dynamically sizing – in other words it is a template/platform that takes the content you put in it and automatically is setup to make the content look good on different sized devices, like cellphones, laptops, huge desktop monitors, etc. Most importantly, it is hyper-shareable on social media outlets. You can find content you’re interested in and share just that content quickly and easily with friends and contacts on social media or via email.

Cover images for audiobook recording of Michael Hyatt's 'Platform.'WordPress does all of that for you. The thing that sealed the deal for me was the design. I looked everywhere and was not thrilled with the free designs I could find. Then, I happened on Michael Hyatt’s Web site. I’ll tell you more about him later, but he’s got super deluxe customization of a platform that he created (or had created given his parameters, one of those). Given what I wanted to do, his GetNoticedTheme did everything I wanted and needed, which was a pretty big and powerful list — I get that WordPress is powerful now.

You can get a lot of the power of WordPress with other themes. For a fantastic one that does it all for you, I paid about $250, a one-time fee. That’s a lot if you’re just having fun. For a professional expense it was quite reasonable, I thought. I’ll write another piece sometime about Michael’s excellent book, Platform. More on that later. For what it’s worth, I listened to the audio version. I’m one of those people who loves to read how-to books, and this hit a number of cylinders for me.

 

Logo for Audible.4. Audible

I’m a recent convert to audio books. WOW. I don’t know how I had been surviving before I found Audible. I love reading work stuff, and I do tons of it at work. There are so many things that need doing for which I love the distraction of an audio book. Cleaning the kitchen, going for a walk, making a long car ride go faster.

Sleepphones.There’s also a “sleep” function. You can have audible read you to sleep. You can set it for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, an hour, etc. I LOVE this function. Reasonably, some of you are wondering, “but how do you have it read to you without bothering your sweet wife?” Good question. She introduced me to Audible and to the answer to this question, by the way. SleepPhones. They’re awesome. You can pay a bunch more for wireless ones. I find that I fall asleep with these on and then at some point bat them off. They end up on the floor or under my pillow.

If I were worried about assassination attempts while I’m sleeping, I’d still be comforted by the fact that the wire is pretty think and would surely break before really hurting me. That said, for non-strangling purposes it’s well built and has been great to date. I find I watch very little TV now, when I used to watch more than I’d care to admit. Now I want to get back to my book — and I rarely read fiction. I’ve always been a much bigger nonfiction reader. That said, I do enjoy having fiction read to me on Audible, especially be a great voice actor. That’s been great.

As I said, I listened to Michael Hyatt’s book, Platform, on Audible. It’s a great tool.

 

Logo for ToodleDo5. ToodleDo

Last but not least, is ToodleDo. It’s the ultimate Web-based to-do software. It’s built on the ideas developed in a best-selling book about productivity.

BEAR WITH ME!

It sounds mind-numbingly boring to imagine anyone reading a book about productivity, let alone to read one, you’d think. You’d be quite reasonable. BUT, David Allen’s book is an NYT bestseller for a reason. It’s called Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. It’s on Audible, by the way. The basic idea of the book is that we stress a ton about the many things that need to manage, but that worry us because we might be forgetting something.

The cover of the latest edition of Getting Things Done.The feeling that I’m forgetting something is indeed one of the most common causes of stress that I felt for years. Once I thought through Allen’s point, I found it so much easier to relax. The solution is not quick at first, but becomes easy after initial changes and the setting of some good habits.

The first step is the big one: write down every thing that you have to do. That’s a much bigger task than it may seem. You’ve got many big projects. No, those are not one thing. They are many. Break down your biggest projects into their component parts. Lay them all out. Yes, at first it will freak you out. Chill, friend.

Once you’ve taken the time (possibly) hours it may take you at first to do this, you’ll find that between 10 and 30 things you need to do will each take about 2 minutes. Go ahead and immediately take care of those. Within an hour or so, you’ll have lifted hundreds of pounds of stress off your shoulders. That’s the way it felt to me.

After that, you’re left with quite a few things to do. That said, all of them will each take considerably more than 2 minutes. If you’re going to get them done, you’ll need to schedule time in which to do them. That’s the next step. Look at your week’s calendar and then back at your list. Plan intelligently to juggle deadlines, and schedule the time you’ll need over time to get each project done. As new stuff comes up, break it down into digestibles that you can get done now and that you need to put on your to do list, which you can schedule as Allen suggests, once a week, like on a Monday morning, perhaps.

ToodleDo Sample screen.That’s where ToodleDo comes in. It is as fully featured a To Do tool as you could imagine. That might intimidate at first. It’s super-customizable, so you need to play with it and see what you’re most often looking to find out or to track. You can share lists with team members, assigning different tasks to different people. You can have “context” tages, “projects” folders, and in addition to tasks, you can have subtasks, all with attachments, notes, deadlines, start dates and times, a timer, and more. It’s pretty remarkable.

I have found that I can be more productive when using these tools than without, and that the productivity is lower stress (I’m not at zero on that metric, but I strive for relaxing, pleasant work time).

 

So…

Each of these tools has a corresponding program for smartphones. I use all of them. I have not used WordPress often on my phone, but I can. Plus, if I come to have a habit of writing short notes or pieces that I want on my site, it is a good tool for doing that. For the other tools, I used them nearly daily if not many-times a day each. So, if a few people found something useful in these notes, great! If not, when you get asked about some of these tools, if these descriptions were clear enough, you can point newbies here for a few thoughts about five digital tools I use every day.

If you haven’t already, follow me on Twitter @EricTWeber and “like” my Facebook Author page.

Just Published: The Italian Edition of “Think Like a Commoner”

I am happy to report that the Italian translation of my book, Think Like a Commoner, has now been published. La Rinascita dei Commons: Successi e potenzialita del movimento globale a tutela dei beni comuni -- or The Rebirth of Commons:  Successes and Potential of the Global Movement for the Protection of Commons --was translated by Bernardo Parrella over the past year. 

My thanks to Bernardo for his initiative and tenacity in doing the translation and in finding a suitable publisher, Stampa Alternativa. And my thanks also to the pioneering Italian commons thinker and activist Ugo Mattei for writing the preface. 

Italy is at the vanguard of many commons innovations these days.  One sign of this is the first International Festival of the Commons (organized by Mattei), which will be held in Chieri, Italy, from July 9 to 12. I plan to attend, so perhaps I will see you there.

For the record, the Italian edition of Think Like a Commoner is the third translation, following the Polish and French translations. Translations into Spanish, Korean and Chinese are now pending.

read more

On the Commodification of Human Discovery

Not so long ago, the language of “intellectual property” (IP) was the only serious way of talking about creative works and inventions.  Copyright and patents provided the default framework for explaining how someone’s bright idea grew into a marketable product, and how that in turn contributed to economic growth and human progress. It was a neat, tidy, reassuring story.  It had an irresistible simplicity – and the endorsement of the ultimate authority, government.

And then…. the pluriversal realities of life came storming the citadel gates!  Over the past fifteen or twenty years, the monoculture narrative of IP has been attacked by indigenous cultures, seed activists, healthcare experts, advocates for the poor, the academy, and especially users of digital technologies.  It has become increasingly clear that the standard IP story, whatever its merits on a smaller scale, in competitive industries, is mostly a self-serving, protectionist weapon in the hands of Hollywood, record labels, book publishers, Big Pharma and other multinational IP industries. 

We can thank the authors of a new anthology for helping to explain how the standard IP narrative is profoundly flawed, and how an array of challengers are showing how knowledge-creation so often emerges through social commons.

Free Knowledge:  Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery, edited by Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. Hepting, provides a refreshing survey of the many realms in which corporations are enclosing shared knowledge -- and a sampling of commons that are democratizing the production and control of knowledge. (The book is published by University of Regina Press, and is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND license.)

read more

The Seven Translations of “Think Like a Commoner”

It’s been a year since the publication of Think Like a Commoner:  A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. I’m pleased to report that not only have domestic US sales gone well, but there will be seven foreign translations by the end of 2015.

There is already a French translation, La Renaissance des Communs:  Pour une société de coopération et de partage, published by Éditions Charles Léopold Mayer, of Paris, which commissioned me to write the book in the first place. 

There is also a Polish translation, The Commons:  Dobro Wspólne dla każdego, (downloadable for free from the Internet Archives. The Polish edition was initiated and translated by Petros & Natasha of the Freelab collective and published by the Social Cooperative “Faktoria,” in Poland.

Now, translations are underway in Spanish, Italian, Greek, Chinese and Korean, all with the generous permission of the Charles Léopold Mayer Foundation (which is directly supporting the Chinese translation).

The Spanish translation is being made by Guerrilla Translation of Madrid in cooperation with a number of commons-based groups in Spain. A special thanks to Stacco Troncoso and Ann Marie Utratel for their tenacity and leadership in making this happen.

Italian translator Bernardo Parrella has done a lot of work exploring publishing arrangements for Think Like a Commoner in Italy.  The good news is that Stampa Alternativa will publish the Italian edition in the spring, probably in April.

The Korean version will be published by Galmuri Press.  Details of the Greek and Chinese publishing arrangements are still being worked out, but in the meantime translations are proceeding. 

I was frankly surprised at the number of translations that have materialized for Think Like a Commoner in only one year. The cross-cultural interest suggests that the commons is fast becoming part of the Zeitgeist, recognized as a powerful way to begin to confront the dead-end economics and values of neoliberalism and to imagine a new and better world.

My thanks to everyone who is helping make these translations of my book happen!

read more

Probing the Commons from the Inside: Heather Menzies’ New Book

With so much scholarship focused on commons as “resource management” and the measurement of externals, it’s refreshing to encounter a book that plumbs the internal dimensions of a commons –that is, commoning.  Canadian writer and scholar Heather Menzies has taken on this challenge in her recently published Reclaiming the Commons for the Commons Good (New Society Publishers), a book that she describes as a “memoir and manifesto.”  It is a three-part exploration of commoning as a personal experience, social negotiation and finally, as a spiritual quest.

The first part of Menzies’ book is the memoir:  an account of her trip to the land of her ancestors, Scotland.  She wanted to try to imagine their lives as commoners and understand the impact of the cataclysmic enclosures known as the Highland Clearances, in the late 1700s and 1800s. 

The Clearances, a landmark in Scottish history, saw thousands of small family farmers forced off their traditional lands to make way for “Improvements” -- that is, conversion to the profitable enterprise of sheep-raising.   Landlords raised rents, colluded with politicians to “legally” take the lands, and when necessary, resorted to violence to get the job done.   

The Clearances were not only a major economic and political disruption, but also a profound cultural, ecological and spiritual dispossession, as Manzies writes:

My forebears and their neighbors didn’t just lose their together-as-one connection to the land.  They lost all that these ties meant to them economically, politically, socially, culturally and even spiritually.  They lost ways of working the land and working things out together.  They lost ways of knowing the land directly, intimately through the soles of their feet, the tone of their muscled arms and hands….They lost ways of knowing the animals too, wild and domestic, and how they moved from woodland to water and claimed certain spots conducive to begetting.  As well, they lost ways of sharing this experience, this knowing as common knowledge, with that knowledge both informing and supporting the authority of local decision-making.

read more

Advancing a New Legal Architecture to Support the Ecological Commons

This is the last in a series of six essays by Professor Burns Weston and me, derived from our book Green Governance:  Ecological Survival, Human Rights and the Law of the Commonspublished by Cambridge University Press. The essays originally appeared on CSRWire. I am re-posting them here to introduce the paperback edition, which was recently released.

In our preceding essays in this series, we introduced the idea of Green Governance, a new approach to environmental protection based on a broad synthesis of economics and human rights and, critically, the commons. We also described the burgeoning global commons movement, which is demonstrating a wide range of innovative, effective models of Green Governance.

In our final post, we'd like to focus on how a vision of Green Governance could be embodied into law. If a new paradigm shift to Green Governance is going to become a reality, state law and policy must formally recognize the countless commons that now exist and the new ones that must be created.

Recognizing the Commons as a Legal Entity

Yet here’s the rub: Because the “law of the commons” is a qualitatively different type Green Governanceof law – one that recognizes social and ecological relationships and the value of nature beyond the marketplace – it is difficult to rely upon the conventional forms of state, national and international law. After all, conventional law generally privileges individual over group rights, as well as commercial activities and economic growth above all else.

Establishing formal recognition for commons- and rights-based law is therefore a complicated proposition. We must consider, for example, how self-organized communities of commoners can be validated as authoritative forms of resource managers. How can they maintain themselves, and what sort of juridical relationship can they have with conventional law? One must ask, too, which existing bodies of law can be modified and enlarged to facilitate the workings of actual commons.

 Threee Domains of Commons Law

Clearly there must be a suitable architecture of law and public policy to support and guide the growth of commons and a new Commons Sector. In our book Green Governance, we propose innovations in law and policy in three distinct domains:

  • General internal governance principles and policies that can guide the development and management of commons;
  • Macro-principles and policies that facilitate the formation and maintenance of “peer governance;”
  • Catalytic legal strategies to validate, protect, and support ecological commons.

read more

The Commons as a Growing Global Movement

This is the fifth of a series of six essays by Professor Burns Weston and me, derived from our book Green Governance:  Ecological Survival, Human Rights and the Law of the Commons, published by Cambridge University Press. The essays originally appeared on CSRWire. I am re-posting them here to introduce the paperback edition, which was recently released.

Our last essay outlined the great appeal of the commons as a way to deal with so many of our many ecological crises. The commons, readers may recall, is a social system for the long-term stewardship of resources that preserves shared values and community identity.

read more

The Commons as a Model for Ecological Governance

This is the fourth of a series of six essays by Professor Burns Weston and me, derived from our book Green Governance:  Ecological Survival, Human Rights and the Law of the Commons, published by Cambridge University Press. The essays originally appeared on CSRWire. I am re-posting them here to introduce the paperback edition, which was recently released.

The overriding challenge for our time – as outlined in our three previous CSRwire essays – is for human societies to develop new ways of interacting with nature and organizing our economic and social lives. It’s imperative that we rein in the mindless exploitation of fragile natural systems upon which human civilization depends.

The largest, most catastrophic problem, of course, is climate change, but each of the “smaller” ecological challenges we face – loss of biodiversity, soil desertification, collapsing coral reefs and more – stem from the same general problem: a mythopoetic vision that human progress must be achieved through material consumption and the ceaseless expansion of markets.

State/Market Solutions Doomed to Failure

While most people look to the State or Market for solutions, we believe that many of these efforts are doomed to failure or destined to deliver disappointing results. The State/Market duopoly – the deep alliance between large corporations, politicians, government agencies and international treaty organizations – is simply too committed to economic growth and market individualism to entertain any other policy approaches.

The political project of the past forty years has been to tinker around the edges of this dominant paradigm with feckless regulatory programs that do not really address the core problems, and indeed, typically legalize boats-dockedexisting practices.

Solution:  Stewardship of Shared Resources

So what might be done?

We believe that one of the most compelling, long-term strategies for dealing with the structural causes of our many ecological crises is to create and recognize legally, alternative systems of provisioning and governance. Fortunately, such an alternative general paradigm already exists.

It’s called the commons.

read more