Community committees are representative bodies established as intermediaries between an area’s residents and a higher level of government.

Participatory rural appraisal is a citizen-centred method of development. The process empowers locals by including them directly in the issue identification and evaluation process and, in many cases, in the final implementation and post-construction monitoring.

Audience response systems (ARS) are a kind of information and communications technology used in deliberative contexts to gather participant feedback using wired or wireless digital devices.

Voter information services include any publicly available information regarding the general process of voting and/or the specifics of a particular election such as candidates and polling locations.

Note: the following entry is a stub. Please help us complete it. Problems and Purpose The Right of Initiative was used successfully by the Montrealers in 2011, when 29,000 people signed a petition requesting a public consultation on the “state of urban agriculture”. Urban agriculture can be defined as “the...

A structured planning method used by organizations to assess four key elements: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

In Italian public administration, 'laboratorio' is a general term used to refer to a formal space or planned instance of multi-actor engagement and participation.

Decide, Announce, Defend (DAD) is a top-down, minimally participatory method of public management.

The Design for Change methodology is broken into four steps: feel, imagine, do, and share and is based on the belief that the student should have more autonomy over the learning process and that, ultimately, it is up to them to enact social change.

Occupy Flagstaff House was a protest against government corruption and failure to provide basic social services. Led by a small group of middle-class professionals, the protest began as an online hashtag #occupyflagstaffhouse but soon migrated to the streets where people marched on Flagstaff House, the office and residence of then...